Economic Issues in Agriculture
Agricultural & Applied Economics
The University of Georgia
July, 2001

"The Economic Growth and Tax Relief Act of 2001"

Second in a series:
Keith D. Kightlinger
Extension Economist

About 70% of the tax cuts are (or will be) in tax rate reduction over the next ten years. These were shown in the June newsletter.

Some other major tax changes are discussed hereKeep in mind all of the tax changes expire after 2010 unless Congress votes to retain the current legislation.

 


Estate Taxes to Decline...


....from 2002 through 2009. But full repeal of the estate tax is delayed until 2010... and actually reappears the next year according to the new law. Estate planners are having problems with planning not knowing if the repeal will stay in place. 

We would guess that permanent estate tax repeal is doubtful... but it is likely that Congress will retain a large exemption. This bears watching!
 
Estate Tax Phase Out

Calendar Year

Estate and Gift Tax 

Tax Exemption

Highest Estate and

Gift Tax Rate

Current $675,000 55%
2002 $1 Million 50%
2003 $1 Million 49%
2004 $1.5 Million 48%
2005 $1.5 Million 47%
2006 $2 Million 46%
2007 $2 Million 45%
2008 $2 Million 45%
2009 $3.5 Million 45%
2010 Tax Repealed

The 2010 repeal brings bad news for heirs of big estates... the carryover basis. After repeal, the law providing for a stepped-up basis at death is repealed for estates exceeding $1.3 million ($3 million for spouses). For these larger estates, the basis of inherited assets would be the lesser of the fair market value or the adjusted basis of the decedent.

Higher Retirement Account Limits

The new law lets individuals put away more money for retirement - IRA's and Roths. This marks the first increase in contribution limits since 1981.
 
New IRA Contribution Limits
Contribution Maximum
Effective Date Under 50 Years of Age 50 Years and Older
2002 $3,000 $3,500
2005 $4,000 $4,500
2006 $4,000 $5,000
2008 $5,000 $6,000

The limit on payins to 401 (k)s, 403 (b)s, and 457 plans will increase from the current $10,500 to $11,000 in '02, and will rise $1,000 a year until it hits $15,000 in '06.

Some "Hidden" Taxes Removed

These are not in the tax tables, but effectively raise marginal tax rates - will help upper-incomers.

First, the phaseout of personal exemptions will be scrapped - gradually over a five-year period - starting in 2006. The loss of personal exemptions adds 0.93% per exemption to the marginal tax rates for folks in the top bracket.

Second, the itemized deduction phaseout will be eliminated - in stages - starting in '06 - and will be gone in 2010. This current cutback in itemized deductions raises the effective marginal tax rate on high-incomers by up to 1.17%.

The budget tight rope Congress is walking is shown by the break corporations will get for paying estimated taxes. An upcoming estimate is delayed two weeks - one due September 17, '01 can be postponed until October 1 - when the new fiscal year begins. And in 2004, 20% of the estimated due September 15 can be transferred until October. By moving tax receipts from one fiscal year to another, it is hoped that the Medicare trust funds will not be tapped for other uses.

William Givan, Editor
Extension Economist 

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